Lake Forest College Donnelley and Lee Library Ask Librarian Hours Interlibrary Loan

CITATION EXAMPLES FOR ONLINE SOURCES Other Citation Guides
for both books and articles
Database articles
EBSCO
HTML text article (without page numbers)
magazine
OCLC FirstSearch
magazine
JSTOR
journal with 4 or more authors
LexisNexis
newspaper
Proquest
newspaper with no author
Other sources
Online encyclopedias
Online periodicals
a review
signed article
Websites
Online images & sound (Library of Congress)
ERIC documents (Long Island U.)
Chicago Manual of Style online
Everyday Writer -Hacker
Duke U.
Writer's Handbook (UW-Madison)
Government documents  (Hacker)
Legal documents  (Cornell)
EBSCO databases (Academic Search Premier, Communication & Mass Media Complete, etc.):

    This example shows a magazine article citation.

    footnote or endnote:

    1. Laura Rozen, "Strange Bedfellows," Nation, November 10, 2003, 6, http://search .ebscohost.com (accessed August 30, 2005).

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    2. Rozen, "Strange Bedfellows," 7.

    bibliography entry:

    Rozen, Laura."Strange Bedfellows." Nation. November 10, 2003, 6-7. http://search .ebscohost.com (accessed August 30, 2005).



FirstSearch databases (WilsonSelectPlus, Periodical Abstracts, etc.):
    This example shows a citation for an article from a magazine article citation.

    footnote or endnote:

    3. Marcia Yablon, "Campus Police," New Republic, December 18, 2000, 14, http://newfirstsearch.oclc.org (accessed August 30, 2005).

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    4. Yablon, "Campus Police," 15.

    bibliography entry:

    Yablon, Marcia. "Campus Police." New Republic. December 18, 2000, 14-15. http://newfirstsearch.oclc.org (accessed August 30, 2005).



JSTOR database:
    This example shows a journal article citation with four or more authors:

    footnote or endnote:

    5. Louis H. Sullivan and others, "What Is Architecture: A Study in the American People of Today," Journal of the American Society of Architectural Historians 4, no. 2 (April 1944): 3-5, http://www.jstor.org/ (accessed September 22, 2006).

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    6. Sullivan, "What is Architecture," 20-22.

    bibliography entry:

    Sullivan, Louis H., William Gray Purcell, Hugh Morrison, and H. W. Fridlund. "What Is Architecture: A Study in the American People of Today." Journal of the American Society of Architectural Historians 4, no. 2 (April 1944): 3-22. http://www.jstor.org/ (accessed September 22, 2006).




LexisNexis database:
    This example shows a newspaper article citation (page numbers are not used):

    footnote or endnote:

    7. Roberta Smith, "A New Dog in Town, Steel and Sprouting," New York Times, June 8, 2000, sec. E, http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/ (accessed August 30, 2005).

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    8. Smith, "A New Dog."

    bibliography entry:

    Smith, Roberta. "A New Dog in Town, Steel and Sprouting." New York Times, June 8, 2000, sec. E. http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/ (accessed August 30, 2005).




Proquest databases (Chicago Tribune Historical, Ethnic News Watch):
    This example shows a newspaper article citation with no author:

    footnote or endnote:

    9. Chicago Daily Tribune, "Century Starts with a Hold Up," January 1, 1901, http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTNiMDQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI= &clientId=65463 (accessed September 17, 2006)

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    10. Chicago Daily Tribune, "Century Starts."

    bibliography entry:

    Chicago Daily Tribune. "Century Starts with a Hold Up." January 1, 1901, http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTNiMDQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI= &clientId=65463 (accessed September 17, 2006).



Online Encyclopedia:

    footnote or endnote:

    11. Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia, s.v. "Electronic Music," http://en.wikipedia .org/wiki/Electronic_music (accessed July 14, 2006).

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    12. Wikipedia, s.v. "Electronic Music."

    bibliography entry:

    Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. s.v. "Electronic Music." http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Electronic_music (accessed July 14, 2006).



Online periodicals — Articles from online journals that do NOT have a print equivalent (Salon, Slate, Chicago Wilderness, etc.)
    Slate - a book review:

    footnote or endnote:

    13. Meghan O'Rourke, "The Accidental Feminist," review of On Becoming Fearless … In Love, Work, and Life, by Arianna Huffington, Slate, September 22, 2006, http:// www.slate.com/id/2150166 (accessed September 24, 2006).

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    14. O'Rourke, "The Accidental Feminist."

    bibliography entry:

    O'Rourke, Meghan. "The Accidental Feminist." Review of On Becoming Fearless … In Love, Work, and Life, by Arianna Huffington. Slate. September 22, 2006. http:// www.slate.com/id/2150166 (accessed September 24, 2006).

    Salon

    footnote or endnote:

    15. Elliott Neal Hester, "The Flight Attendant from Hell," Salon, September 8, 2000, http://dir.salon.com/business/col/hest/2000/09/08/hell/index.html (accessed August 30, 2005).

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    16. Hester, "The Flight Attendant."

    bibliography entry:

    Hester, Elliott Neal."The Flight Attendant from Hell." Salon. September 8, 2000. http:// dir.salon.com/business/col/hest/2000/09/08/hell/index.html (accessed August 30, 2005).



Websites and web pages
    Website or organization home page

    footnote or endnote:

    21. Roy Tennant, "Web4Lib Electronic Discussion," Web4Lib: Web Systems in Libraries Mailing List, Web Junction, 2005, http://lists.webjunction.org/ web4lib/ (accessed August 30, 2005).

    second and subsequent footnotes or endnotes:

    22. Tennant, "Web4Lib Electronic Discussion."

    bibliography entry:

    Tennant, Roy. "Web4Lib Electronic Discussion." Web4Lib: Web Systems in Libraries Mailing List. Web Junction. 2005. http://lists.webjunction.org/ web4lib/ (accessed August 30, 2005).




Web Pages

Include the following information when citing web pages using the Chicago Style:
  1. Author's name, or if none given, name of website owner or responsible organization
  2. Title of web page, in quotation marks, or, if no title is visible, a descriptive phrase without quotation marks
  3. Title of complete work or website (if relevant), in italics or underlined
  4. Other relevant information (volume number, page numbers, etc.)
  5. Date of publication or last revision
  6. URL
  7. Optional unless content of address expected to change: accessed date in parentheses

bibliography entry for a web page without an author:

Name of Organization. "Title of Web Page." Title of Website, Month d, yyyy. http://web.page.address.org (accessed Month d, yyyy).

footnote or endnote for a web page with an author that is part of a larger site:

23. Author_first_name Author_last_name, "Title of Web Page," Title of Website, Website's Sponsoring Organization, Month d, yyyy, http://web.page.address.net (accessed Month d, yyyy).

footnote or endnote for a web page with an author that is not part of a larger site and has no date:

24. Author_first_name Author_last_name, "Title of Web Page," http://web.page.address.net (accessed Month d, yyyy).



Online Articles


Include the following information when citing articles available electronically from full-text databases (e.g., Lexis-Nexis, Infotrac, JSTOR) using the Chicago style:
Full-text databases reproduce articles that orginally appeared in print elsewhere.
  1. Author's name
  2. Title of article, in quotation marks
  3. Title of journal/publication that article originally appeared in, in italics or underlined
  4. Volume and number of original article
  5. Date of article (if known)
  6. Page number(s) (if PDF or if original page numbers are indicated)
  7. URL of database or of article
  8. Optional: accessed date in parentheses

    footnote or endnote for an article published on the 6th of some month, page 8:

    25. Author's_first_name Last_name, "Title of Article," Title of Journal, Month 6, yyyy, 8, http://whatever.database.url.com (accessed Month, d, yyyy).

    second and subsequent footnote or endnote citing page 10:

    26. Author's_last_name, "Article," 10.

    bibliography entry:

    Author's_first_name Last_name."Title of Article." Title of Journal, Month 6, yyyy, 8 - 10. http://whatever.database.url.com (accessed Month, d, yyyy).

Special Considerations when using the Chicago style:
  • For articles from well-known dictionaries or encyclopedias, list the name of the work, followed by the Latin abbreviation s.v. (under the word), followed by the title of the article in quotes. see examples
  • Punctuation: Footnote author, title, and source elements are separated by commas; bibliographic entries' elements are separated by periods (see examples above).
  • If the date is not given, use "n.d."
  • When citing an article from a full-text database, use the URL for the database's home page, not the URL for the exact article.
  • For footnotes, use only fixed page numbers from a PDF; do not cite page numbers of an HTML printout. If you cannot determine the number of the page on which your cited text appeared, you may designate the section heading preceeded by the word "under." See example above.
  • Since the first reference to a source includes all the information necessary to verify or retrieve a citation, your Chicago-style research paper may not need to include a Bibliography. The Bibliography may also be titled Sources Consulted, Works Cited, or Selected Bibliography, if any of those titles more accurately describes the list.



Books on Chicago Style in the Library

Chicago style guides in the Library:

The Chicago Manual of Style. 15th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.
Available at the Library Reference Desk (Rdy.Ref. Z253.U69 2003)


Hacker, Diana. A Pocket Manual of Style. 4th ed. Boston: Bedford, 2004.
Available at the Library Reference Desk (Rdy.Ref. PE 1408.H26 2004)




All examples are intended only to supplement Hacker's guide, A Pocket Style Manual, which is available at the Book Store and in the Library.
The reference librarians and the Writing Center (x5233)can help with citing sources.